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This Week in Chemistry: May 19 - May 25
May 19, 2008 at 01:36 AM
Analtech, Inc. is proud to provide this public service feature - This Week in Chemistry - a recap of major breakthroughs in chemistry as well as the commemoration of key individuals birthdates.
Analtech thanks Dr. Leopold May of The Catholic University of America forproviding this information - you can visit his web site by clicking here.
May 19
b. 1916 Ralph Landau cofounded Scientific Design in 1946 and led in the development of terephthalic acid process in polyester manufacture and the propylene oxide process.
b. 1914 Max F. Perutz studied structure of hemoproteins using x-ray diffraction: Nobel Prize (1962) with John C. Kendrew for studies of the structure of globular proteins.
May 20
b. 1857 John J. Abel, "Father of American Pharmacology", isolated epinephrine (adrenalin).
b. 1860 Eduard Buchner discovered alcoholic fermentation without yeast cells, 1896, & zymase, 1897; Nobel Prize (1907) for his biochemical researches and his discovery of cell-free fermentation.
b. 1879 Hans Meerwein, researcher on carbonium ions including anionic polymerizations and Wagner-Meerwein rearrangements.
b. 1890 Francis O. Rice, researcher in free radicals.
May 21
b. 1936 Gunter Blobel received Nobel Prize in Medicine and Physiology (1999) for discovery that proteins have intrinsic signals that govern their transport and location in the cell.
o Occidential Petroleum incorporated. 1920.
May 22
b. 1912 Herbert C. Brown, researcher in organoboron and carbocation chemistry; Nobel Prize in Chemistry (1979) with Georg Wittig for their development of the use of boron and phosphorus-containing compounds, respectively, into important reagents in organic synthesis.
b. 1927 George A. Olah, researcher in carbocations and their role in chemical reactions of hydrocarbons; Nobel Prize (1994) for his contribution to carbocation chemistry.
May 23
b. 1854 Edgar Fahs Smith, researcher in electrochemistry and history of chemistry; Three times President of ACS.
May 24
b. 1686 Gabriel D. Fahrenheit improved thermometers by using mercury (Hg, 80) 1720; invented Fahrenheit temperature scale.
b. 1640 John Mayow discovered that air contained two gases, one of which supported life & combustion, spiritus nitro-aerous (oxygen); recognized the role of oxygen in the combustion of metals; recorded a correct anatomical description of respiration
o Aaron Dexter appointed first Professor of Chemistry & Materia Medica at newly organized Harvard Medical School, 1783.
May 25
b. 1865 Pieter Zeeman studied the influence of magnetism on the nature of radiation, splitting of spectral lines (Zeeman Effect); Nobel Prize (1902) in Physics with Hendrik A. Lorentz in recognition of the extraordinary service they rendered by their researches into the influence of magnetism upon radiation phenomena.
b. 1915 Paul J. Scheuer “father of marine natural products”.
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